CHOROIDAL NEVUS

MACULAR DRUSEN

Macular Scar

This is the left macula of a 25 year old male who has had this macular scar since birth. His visual acuity is 20/20.  

Optic Pit

This is a congenital anomaly where the optic nerve has a pit in it.  It doesn't affect central vision but it can cause non-progressive visual field defects, detected only with a automated threshold visual field testing.  It doesn't cause any problems except about half of these patients around 30 years old develop an episode of fluid under their central retina that mildly to moderately decreases vision.  This episode resolves itself 25% of the time within 3 months, or can be treated successfully with laser or vitrectomy procedure. 

CONGENITAL CATARACTS

These cause glare at night and the inability to get perfect 20/20 vision. 

NEVUS-LIKE MACULAR LESION

The dark area in the center is near the center of the vision and correlates with a blind spot in the patient's vision that she says is enlarging.  

COMMOTIO RETINAE

This is like a bruise on the retina.  It does effect vision in the area that corresponds to the "bruise".  This particular patient got hit the day before with a spiked volleyball.